Table of Contents

Chapter 1 - Fraud and The Auditor’s Role. 1

Fraud from an Audit Perspective. 1

Responsibility for Fraud Prevention and Detection. 2

Auditor Requirements. 2

Auditor Communications. 4

Confidentiality of Information. 4

Withdrawal from the Audit 4

Documentation. 4

Inquiries of Management and Employees. 4

Incentives and Pressures Triggering Financial Statement Fraud. 5

Common Fraud Risk Indicators. 6

Clues Indicating Fraud. 8

Review Questions. 10

Chapter 2 - Fraudulent Financial Reporting. 11

Sales Inflation. 11

Expenses Falsification. 13

Marketable Securities Falsification. 14

Prepaid Expenses Falsification. 14

Receivables Falsification. 14

Loss Reserves Falsification. 15

Inventory Falsification. 15

Fixed Asset Falsification. 17

Liability Falsification. 17

Debt Falsification. 19

Discontinued Operations Stuffing. 19

Cash Flow Reclassifications. 19

Misappropriation Techniques. 21

Review Questions. 23

Chapter 3 - Extended Audit Procedures. 24

Staffing. 24

Interviews. 24

Altered Sample Sizes. 24

Procedural Unpredictability. 25

Additional Journal Entry Procedures. 25

Examination of Significant Transactions. 26

Additional Document-Related Procedures. 26

Additional Confirmation Procedures. 27

Review Bank Transfers. 27

Additional Cash Procedures. 28

Additional Receivable Procedures. 29

Additional Inventory Procedures. 29

Additional Fixed Asset Procedure. 30

Additional Reserve Procedures. 30

Additional Purchasing Procedures. 31

Additional Liability Procedures. 32

Additional Equity Procedures. 33

Additional Sales Procedures. 33

Additional Payroll Procedures. 34

Cutoff Procedures. 35

Analytical Procedures. 35

Data Analysis Techniques. 36

Benford’s Law.. 37

Outlier Analysis. 39

Trend Analysis. 39

Discovery Sampling. 40

Review Questions. 42

Answers to Chapter Questions. 43

Glossary. 49

Index. 51

 

Final Examination……………………………………………………………………………………..………..53